{"id":3460,"date":"2025-10-22T10:02:01","date_gmt":"2025-10-22T08:02:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tomaszostrowski.projektyibif.pl\/lichen-sclerosus-of-the-vulva-vulvar-dystrophy-with-malignant-potential\/"},"modified":"2025-10-22T10:02:01","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T08:02:01","slug":"lichen-sclerosus-of-the-vulva-vulvar-dystrophy-with-malignant-potential","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.drtomaszostrowski.pl\/en\/lichen-sclerosus-of-the-vulva-vulvar-dystrophy-with-malignant-potential\/","title":{"rendered":"Lichen Sclerosus of the Vulva -Vulvar Dystrophy with Malignant Potential"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lichen-related vulvar disorders are a group of inflammatory-dystrophic conditions with diverse aetiologies. The recurrent nature of symptoms and often severe discomfort in the intimate area significantly affects women&#8217;s quality of life. This group of dermatoses includes: lichen planus, chronic simple lichen, and lichen sclerosus. They share a similar clinical picture, presenting as chronic vulvar complaints such as:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pain,<\/li>\n<li>itching,<\/li>\n<li>pricking sensations,<\/li>\n<li>burning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In the case of lichen sclerosus, additional symptoms may cause significant functional disturbances and sexual discomfort:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>scarring,<\/li>\n<li>narrowing of the vaginal introitus,<\/li>\n<li>fusion of the clitoral prepuce, and glans,<\/li>\n<li>atrophy of the labia minora.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Moreover, lichen sclerosus carries a <b>risk of malignant transformation<\/b> in chronically inflamed tissues, estimated at 2-6%, which increases with age and disease duration, <b>necessitating lifelong surveillance<sup><a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote1sym\" name=\"sdendnote1anc\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/b> <\/p>\n<p>Lichen sclerosus is considered to have an<b> autoimmune aetiolog<\/b>y, as characteristic autoantibodies are found in 74% of patients<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote2sym\" name=\"sdendnote2anc\">2<\/a>. These women often have other autoimmune diseases, e.g., thyroiditis, occurring in 12-16% of cases. Genetic predisposition may also play a role, as evidenced by reports in monozygotic twins and increased familial occurrence<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote3sym\" name=\"sdendnote3anc\">3<\/a>,<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote4sym\" name=\"sdendnote4anc\">4<\/a>.  The mainstay of lichen sclerosus treatment is topical corticosteroids<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote5sym\" name=\"sdendnote5anc\">5<\/a>,<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote6sym\" name=\"sdendnote6anc\">6<\/a>,<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote7sym\" name=\"sdendnote7anc\">7<\/a>. The primary goal of therapy is effective control of persistent symptoms and preservation of tissue function. Proper management also reduces the long-term risk of malignant transformation.  Other therapeutic options include photodynamic therapy and ultraviolet light therapy, though there is currently no evidence these methods are superior to corticosteroid therapy or that they reduce the risk of malignancy<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote8sym\" name=\"sdendnote8anc\">8<\/a>,<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote9sym\" name=\"sdendnote9anc\">9<\/a>,<a class=\"sdendnoteanc\" href=\"#sdendnote10sym\" name=\"sdendnote10anc\">10<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>References<\/p>\n<div id=\"sdendnote1\">\n<p class=\"sdfootnote\"><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote1anc\" name=\"sdendnote1sym\">1<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Bleeker MC, Visser PJ, Overbeek LI, van Beurden M, Berkhof J. Lichen Sclerosus: Incidence and Risk of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016 Aug;25(8):1224-30. doi: 10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0019. Epub 2016 Jun 2. PMID: 27257093.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote2anc\" name=\"sdendnote2sym\">2<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Oyama N, Chan I, Neill SM, Hamada T, South AP, Wessagowit V, Wojnarowska F, D&#8217;Cruz D, Hughes GJ, Black MM, McGrath JA. Autoantibodies to extracellular matrix protein 1 in lichen sclerosus. Lancet. 2003 Jul 12;362(9378):118-23. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13863-9.     <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212121;\">PMID: 12867112.<br \/>\n<\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote3anc\" name=\"sdendnote3sym\">3<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Krapf JM, Mitchell L, Holton MA, Goldstein AT. Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Current Perspectives. Int J Womens Health. 2020 Jan 15;12:11-20. doi: 10.2147\/IJWH.S191200. PMID: 32021489; PMCID: PMC6970240.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote4anc\" name=\"sdendnote4sym\">4<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Cooper SM, Ali I, Baldo M, Wojnarowska F. The association of lichen sclerosus and erosive lichen planus of the vulva with autoimmune disease: a case-control study. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212121;\">Arch Dermatol. 2008 Nov;144(11):1432-5. doi: 10.1001\/archderm.144.11.1432. PMID: 19015417.<br \/>\n<\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote5anc\" name=\"sdendnote5sym\">5<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Nair PA. Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus. J Midlife Health. 2017 Apr-Jun;8(2):55-62. doi: 10.4103\/jmh.JMH_13_17.     <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212121;\">PMID: 28706405; PMCID: PMC5496281.<br \/>\n<\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote6anc\" name=\"sdendnote6sym\">6<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Doulaveri G, Armira K, Kouris A, Karypidis D, Potouridou I. Genital vulvar lichen sclerosus in monozygotic twin women: a case report and review of the literature. Case Rep Dermatol. 2013 Nov 7;5(3):321-5. doi: 10.1159\/000356775. PMID: 24348381; PMCID: PMC3843921.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote7anc\" name=\"sdendnote7sym\">7<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lis-\u015awi\u0119ty A, Mierzwi\u0144ska K, Wodok-Wieczorek K, Widuchowska M, Brzezi\u0144ska-Wcis\u0142o L. Co-existence of lichen sclerosus and localized scleroderma in female monozygotic twins. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014 Dec;27(6):e133-6. doi: 10.1016\/j.jpag.2013.11.010. Epub 2014 May 16.     <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212121;\">PMID: 24841519.<br \/>\n<\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote8anc\" name=\"sdendnote8sym\">8<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lee A, Fischer G. Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007\/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote9anc\" name=\"sdendnote9sym\">9<\/a> <span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lee A, Bradford J, Fischer G. Long-term Management of Adult Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: A Prospective Cohort Study of 507 Women. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212121;\">JAMA Dermatol. 2015 Oct;151(10):1061-7. doi: 10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.0643. PMID: 26070005.<br \/>\n<\/span><a class=\"sdendnotesym\" href=\"#sdendnote10anc\" name=\"sdendnote10sym\">10<\/a> Swisher ED. Liszaj twardzinowy: dystrofia sromu z potencja\u0142em zez\u0142o\u015bliwienia. Ginekologia po Dyplomie. 2021 Nov; 6(23):68-74   <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lichen-related vulvar disorders are a group of inflammatory-dystrophic conditions with diverse aetiologies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge-zone"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lichen Sclerosus of the Vulva -Vulvar Dystrophy with Malignant Potential | Indywidualna Specjalistyczna Praktyka Lekarska Tomasz Ostrowski<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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